radioactivity measurement

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• radioactivity — /ray dee oh ak tiv i tee/, n. Physics, Chem. the phenomenon, exhibited by and being a property of certain elements, of spontaneously emitting radiation resulting from changes in the nuclei of atoms of the element. Also called activity. [1895… …   Universalium

• radiation measurement — ▪ technology Introduction       technique for detecting the intensity and characteristics of ionizing radiation, such as alpha, beta, and gamma rays or neutrons, for the purpose of measurement.       The term ionizing radiation refers to those… …   Universalium

• Environmental radioactivity — is produced by radioactive materials in the human environment. While some radioisotopes, such as strontium 90 (90Sr) and technetium 99 (99Tc), are only found on Earth as a result of human activity, and some, like potassium 40 (40K), are only… …   Wikipedia

• becquerel — (Bq)    the SI derived unit of activity, usually meaning radioactivity. Radioactivity is caused when atoms disintegrate, ejecting energetic particles. One becquerel is the radiation caused by one disintegration per second; this is equivalent to… …   Dictionary of units of measurement

• curie — (Ci)    a unit of radioactivity. One curie was originally defined as the radioactivity of one gram of pure radium. In 1953 scientists agreed that the curie would represent exactly 3.7 x 1010 atomic disintegrations per second, or 37 gigabecquerels …   Dictionary of units of measurement

• microcurie — (µCi)    a common unit of radioactivity. The microcurie equals 10 6 curie or 37 kilobecquerels; this corresponds to a radioactivity of 37 000 atomic disintegrations per second …   Dictionary of units of measurement

• millicurie — (mCi)    a common unit of radioactivity. One millicurie represents radioactivity at the rate of 37 million atomic disintegrations per second, that is, 37 megabecquerels …   Dictionary of units of measurement

• nanocurie — (nCi)    a common unit of radioactivity. The nanocurie equals 10 9 curie or 37 becquerels; this corresponds to a radioactivity of 37 atomic disintegrations per second …   Dictionary of units of measurement

• picocurie — (pCi)    a common unit of radioactivity, used to measure radioactivity occurring naturally in the environment. One picocurie equals 10 12 curie or 0.037 becquerel; this corresponds to one atomic disintegration about every 27 seconds a very low… …   Dictionary of units of measurement

• rutherford — (Rd)    a practical unit of radioactivity equal to the megabecquerel (MBq). This means 1 rutherford represents 1 million radioactive disintegrations per second. The unit is named for the New Zealand nuclear physicist Ernest Rutherford, later… …   Dictionary of units of measurement

• dpm —    , dps    abbreviations for decay per minute and decay per second, respectively, units used in the measurement of rates of radioactivity. 1 dps is properly called 1 becquerel (Bq). 1 dpm is equal to 1/60 becquerel or 0.45045 picocuries …   Dictionary of units of measurement